A new report from the U.S. Senate claims the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016 (CARA) is ineffective because of a lack of funding. CARA was supposed to expand addiction prevention efforts, bolster training programs and increase access to addiction treatment.
However, an October report by the Democratic Staff of the Senate Committee on Finance claimed “the bill was ‘comprehensive’ in name only; without funding, its policies are little more than empty promises.”
Senate Committee on Finance Chair Ron Wyden, D-Ore., released the report on October 10, nearly two weeks after Congress adjourned.
“I’m extremely disheartened that Congress has closed up shop yet again without acting on its core promise to provide essential funding for proven opioid addiction treatment and prevention efforts,” Wyden said in a press release.
On Sept. 29, Congress passed a continuing resolution to keep the government running until Dec. 9. The resolution added about $7.1 million in funding for CARA, well short of the $920 million Democrat Senators requested before the bill was passed.
Republicans have argued that the federal government is already providing more funding for opioids than it ever has and that there would be more opportunities to add funding in the future.
The House and Senate negotiated the provisions of CARA for the first half of 2016 before President Barack Obama signed the final version into law on July 22. Senate Democrats proposed multiple amendments to provide emergency funding for the bill, but the efforts were blocked by Republicans.
When Obama signed CARA, he said he was disappointed that the law did not include “any real resources.” The president requested $1.1 billion to fight addiction, but the law only authorized $181 million in funding.
The lack of funding means people seeking treatment may have to face long waiting lists or travel long distances to find a center with an open bed.
The Senate’s report was titled “Dying Waiting for Treatment: The Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Gap and the Need for Funding.” It cited several studies that indicate services are unavailable to the majority of people seeking addiction treatment.
A 2015 study published in Annals of Family Medicine found that 30 million people lived in counties without access to Suboxone (buprenorphine-naloxone), a medication for opioid use disorders. The authors concluded that increased access to buprenorphine-naloxone treatment in rural America could abate the rising numbers of overdoses.
In a 2015 article in the American Journal of Public Health, public health experts found that 75 percent of opioid treatment programs in 38 states were operating at 80 percent capacity or higher. They concluded that “significant gaps between treatment need and capacity exist at the state and national levels.”
A third study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association reported that less than one-sixth of people with opioid use disorders accessed treatment in the early 2000s, and the numbers didn’t improve from 2004 to 2013.
The effects of the lack of funding are being felt in states and communities across the country.
In Wyden’s home state of Oregon, nearly 90 percent of individuals who require opioid use disorder treatment aren’t getting it, according to the Senate report.
In 2014, 25.5 percent of all substance abuse treatment admissions in Oregon were for heroin or other opioids. Heroin accounted for 5,149 admissions, and prescription opioids accounted for 1,722, according to data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
Recent estimates indicate that about 120,000 Oregonians had an opioid use disorder between 2010 and 2014. A total of 26,909 people received treatment for any type of substance use disorder in the state that year.
Wyden’s report claimed that funding for CARA would provide $11 million to Oregon to fund new treatment centers, expand access to naloxone and train addiction specialists.